Vol. 77 No: 2

Title:
Regeneration of various species of Crassulaceae, with special reference to Kalanchoë

Authors:
STEFAN FRELLO, EUGENIO VENERUS and MARGRETHE SEREK

pp: 204-208

Abstract:
Four species of the genus Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae), K. peltata, K. laxijiora, K. tubiflora and K. marmorata, were regenerated from leaf explants by direct organogenesis. Each species was tested on 19 media, all based on MS-medium. One medium was without growth regulators, the remaining 18 contained a combination of auxrn and cytokinin. Auxin was indole-3-acetic acid (IAA): 1.1, 2.3 or 4.6 µM (0.2, 0.4 or 0.8 m l^-1). Cytokimn was either 1-phenyl-3-(1,2,3-thidiazol-5-yl)urea(TDZ): 1.1, 2.3 or 4.5 µM (0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg 1^-1), or 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP): 1.1, 2.2 or 4.4 µM (0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg 1^-1). For each species an optimum level of growth regulators were obtained. One medium, called K22, containing 0.5 mg 1^-1 TDZ and 0.04 mg l^-1 LAA, showed good shoot-generating capacity with all four species. Shoot elongation proved to be a problem only with K. marmorata. This could be bypassed by transferring shoots to a gibberellic acid (GA₃)-containing medium, or by ventilating the containers. Shoots were rooted on MS-medium and rooted shoots were transferred to soil. K. Iaxijlora failed to root, but plantlets produced on the leaves were easily used for vegetable proliferation of the regenerated shoots. Eight additional Kalanchoë species and four species from other genera of Crassulaceae: Crassula, Echeveria and Sedum, were tested for regenerative capacity on K22-medium. From four Kalanchoë species and three other species, regenerated plants were established in soil. These results suggest that this medium has a high regenerative capacity within the Crassulaceae. No close dependency was found between systematic position and ability to regenerate on this medium.

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