Vol. 83 No: 4

Title:
In vitro regeneration of 'Green Sweet' apple via nucellus-raised callus

Authors:
SOUMAI KANT JOSHI, VANDANA BISHT, UPPEANDRA DHAR, MEENA JOSHI and ANIL KUMAR BISHT

pp: 447-452

Abstract:
For the first time, an in vitro regeneration system for ‘Green Sweet’ apple has been developed from nucellus-raised callus. Callus induction (100%) occurred in nucellar explants excised from immature fruit when cultivated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium, free of plant growth regulators (PGR) and supplemented with 3.0% (w/v) sucrose and 0.8% (w/v) agar.When cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with 10.0 μM benzyladenine (BA) and 1.0 μM gibberellic acid (GA₃), calli showed 88.9 ± 5.6% shoot regeneration with 4.1 ± 0.1 shoots per explant, and a mean shoot length of 3.5 ± 0.2 cm. Elongated shoots produced roots (44.4 ± 5.6%) when placed in half-strength MS basal medium supplemented with 1.0 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1.0 μM -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Maximum rooting percentage (55.6 ± 5.6%) was obtained on 0.4% (w/v) agar, while the highest number of roots per shoot (2.8 ± 0.4 roots) and root length (3.4 ± 0.2 cm) were recorded on 0.6% (w/v) agar. Acclimatisation of in vitro raised plantlets resulted in 39.1% surviving plantlets. The findings of this study indicate that nucellus-raised callus of the apple cultivar ‘Green Sweet’ can efficiently regenerate shoots that can be rooted and successfully acclimatised.

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