Vol. 84 No: 1

Title:
Physiological characterisation of two rose (Rosa hybrida L.) cultivars grown under different levels of CO₂ enrichment

Authors:
RENU PANDEY, PRIYA MARIE CHACKO, K.V. PRASAD, MADAN PAL and M.L. CHOUDHARY

pp: 35-40

Abstract:
The rose cultivars ‘Arjun’ (indigenous) and ‘First Red’ (exotic) were grown in a phytotron and exposed to 370 (ambient), 1,000, or 1,500 μmol mol^–1 CO₂ to study their physiological response in relation to CO₂ enrichment. ‘Arjun’, grown under 1,000 μmol mol^–1 CO₂ achieved a maximum height of 95.0 cm, compared to 83.3 cm under ambient CO₂. The total number of leaves and leaf area were highest at 1,500 μmol mol^–1 CO₂ in both cultivars. Photosynthesis, chlorophyll concentration, and specific leaf weight (SLW) were measured at the flowering stage. Maximum photosynthetic rates were achieved at 1,000 μmol mol^-1 CO₂ (11.59 and 10.42 μmol CO₂ m^-2 s^-1 in ‘Arjun’ and ‘First Red’, respectively), compared to 3.66 and 4.96 μmol m^-2 s^-1, respectively at ambient CO₂ levels. Chlorophyll a, chl b, and total chlorophyll concentrations in leaves increased in both cultivars at 1,500 μmol mol^–1 CO₂, while chl a/b ratios decreased due to CO₂ enrichment. SLW was higher in both cultivars at 1,000 μmol mol^–1 CO₂ compared to ambient CO₂. Root dry weight was significantly higher at 1,000 μmol mol^–1 CO₂ in both cultivars than at ambient CO₂, whereas root volume was maximum (28.2 cm³/plant) in ‘First Red’ at 1,500 μmol mol^–1 CO₂ compared to ‘Arjun’ (23.3 cm3/plant). Cultivar × CO₂ interactions were also significant for all parameters measured. The indigenous rose cultivar ‘Arjun’ responded positively in terms of growth and photosynthetic rate to CO₂ enrichment under optimum growing conditions. Physiological characterisation can thus provide useful information to select rose cultivars to be grown under modified environments to achieve their maximum yield potential.

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